Bashar Assad, who never intended to go into politics, became one of the world’s most brutal dictators whose rule came to an abrupt end when rebels stormed into Damascus. Assad, the second son of former Syrian ruler Hafez Assad, planned to be an ophthalmologist but was thrust into power after his brother’s death. Over the years, he faced criticism for gassing his own people and seeking help from Iran and Russia. Despite lacking experience, Assad rose to power in 2000 following his father’s death. His brutal crackdown on pro-democracy forces in response to the Arab Spring uprising in 2011 drew international condemnation. Assad’s alliances with Iran, Hezbollah, and Russia helped him maintain his grip on power despite mounting opposition. However, the rebel groups, backed by HTS, eventually overthrew his regime, leading to his escape to Russia. Throughout his reign, Assad faced war, foreign interference, and a humanitarian crisis, causing widespread suffering in Syria. The legacy of Assad’s rule is one of violence, repression, and international strife.
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